Significantly better tolerated ...

Significantly better tolerated and safer are the second generation of hypnotics (benzodiazepines). Their use is limited by severe respiratory failure, sleep apnea, allergies, pregnancy and lactation (cross the placenta and breast milk), combined with alcohol, and the few side-effects are mainly associated with excessive sedation and muscle relaxation during the daytime. The third generation of hypnotics practically has no contraindications (except for pregnancy and lactation, allergic reactions), and side effects (dizziness, headache, bitter taste in the mouth, etc.) are largely dose-related. Mention must also be specific adverse events from the use of hypnotics. We are talking about the special conditions for short and long-term use of drugs. At short-term paradoxical effect, the phenomenon of anterograde amnesia, usually occurs when a secondary pollutant (organic soil, personality disorders, the phenomenon of fatigue, the combination with alcohol, etc.). A kind of aloof is the problem of long application hypnotics and related problems of abuse, dependence and reboundinsomnii. Conceptual differences in the presence of specific criteria for drug dependence, difficulties in the differential diagnosis of withdrawal, ? rebound ? phenomena and exacerbation of insomnia, as well as difficulties in conducting long-term controlled studies lead to large scatter in the data on the prevalence of addiction to the hypnotic. In addition, often impossible to distinguish the phenomena of dependence and difficulties in the effective repeal of the drug, controlling insomnia (by analogy with antigipertonicheskimi means in patients with high blood pressure). In recent years there have been studies that raises questions of risk of abuse and dependence with prolonged use of hypnotics. In this case highlights that this addiction to these drugs is rare, and the abuse is usually associated with patients with personality disorders and / or abuse other psychoactive agents. In other words, the behavior of a truly independent is very different from that of an ordinary man taking hypnotics. The latter uses the drug in doses and at a time that is recommended by a physician, and prefers rather to reduce the dosage and reduce the time of treatment, than to increase the dose and prolong the drug. Thus, when considering the problem of dependence emphasis moves from the drug used (hypnotic) in patients receiving it. It is emphasized that for older people the greatest problem that causes fear, is not supposed addiction, and possible cancellation of sleeping pills or absence of designated drugs in pharmacies. A common requirement in the appointment of hypnotics is the careful selection of patients. Caution in this case should be exercised in some features клиникопсихопатологического state (panic disorder), age (puberty), personality (passivnozavisimye features), as well as the tendency to the emergence of other dependency (alcoholism, substance abuse).