It should be noted that the clinical ...

It should be noted that the clinical dietetics in our country as a whole, is still based on principles that were laid MI Pevsner in the 20 years of XX century and therefore could not foresee today's widespread pharmacotherapy [ 41]. In the treatment of certain nosological forms of psychiatry nutritsiologichesky accumulated some experience. In particular, the relatively well worked out nutritional therapy for anorexia nervosa. Treatment of this condition usually is conditionally divided into two stages: nonspecific (2-3 weeks), and specific. During the first phase of treatment the main task is to struggle with cachexia, ie, weight gain, which uses special dietary regimes to include, where appropriate, enteral nutrition, vitamins and psychotropic drugs. The second, longer phase, carried out medical activities aimed at addressing the symptoms of major mental illness that caused the breach in the nutritional status [42.43]. With particular attention to all stages should be given balanced diet through the use of special nutrient mixtures of industrial production (such as "Nutra", "Berlamin", "Nutrizon, etc.) that include a complete set of nutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, macro-and micronutrients, vitamins). The use of parenteral nutrition in these patients is more problematic, because it is less physiologic, is associated with prolonged catheterization of the veins and subsequent possible development of complications of different nature [6.44]. A distinctive feature of anorexia nervosa is a combination of mental disorders with somato-endocrine, therefore, emphasis should be placed on the complexity of the ongoing treatment and rehabilitation [45.46]. Disputes over whether the treatment of eating disorders purely psychiatric problem, and nutritional support - more than an additional measure, still do not cease. Since treatment of these patients long (it takes months, sometimes even years) and requires both mental and nutritional therapies, many authors believe that the process of treatment, along with psychiatrists should be involved and specialist Nutritionists [47.48]. Definite interest accrued to date experience with special diets for epilepsy. More than 70 years ago, it was observed that fasting has a beneficial effect on epilepsy. Later it became clear that the therapeutic effect due to the increased concentration of ketone bodies in blood, and because it promotes the oxidation of fats in the lack of carbohydrates, has been offered a special "ketogenic diet", consisting of 70% energotsennost from fat and only 30% - of the proteins and carbohydrates. For the most part it has been used in nutrition of children, especially young children. However, the effect of its application was unstable. Therefore, in the diet of epilepsy has developed a different direction - oligoantigennoe ", ie, the identification and elimination from the diet those foods that increase seizure activity, or, conversely, supplementation in the diet of those substances, the lack of which may be the cause of this disease.