For this large volume ...

For this large volume of psychiatric patients, issues of particular importance to artificial feeding, which, along with other measures of intensive therapy has a life-saving value [24]. Close to the group and joins a cohort of patients, which appeared in recent years thanks to the success of modern resuscitation. We are talking about states that are known under the names "apallichesky syndrome," "persistent vegetative state", "akinetic mutism", and others [25,27-29]. This postresuscitational patients with encephalopathy who survived hypoxic aggression against the central nervous system and require a long rehabilitation period, which includes, among other things, artificial food. Because of the specialized units for treatment of such patients still do not exist, much of it is therapy in the walls of mental hospitals (especially - in the offices psihoreanimatologii) [24]. Turning to matters related to the role of nutrition in the treatment of mental illness should focus on a few aspects of this problem. First of all, deserves attention nutritsiologichesky aspect of pharmacotherapy. Psychopharmacological era in psychiatry that began in 1952, gradually made the method of treating major psychotropic drugs in psychiatry, far surpassing the popularity of all other types of biological therapies [30-32]. However, in recent decades in science again, there has been interest in the search and other areas of alternative pharmacological. This process is explained as a lack of effective pharmacotherapy with the formation of resistant states, and a significant number of side effects psihofarmpreparatov. The chronic nature of many mental illnesses not only leads to more frequent and longer hospital stays, but also makes long-term prescription medication. In the context of the discussion nutritsiologicheskih issues important to note that the vast majority in use today antipsychotics and antidepressants has a strong spillover effect on the digestive processes - violated salivation (dry mouth), develops atony of the intestine (up to chronic constipation), decreased body weight, or, conversely, She unphysiological increases. Modern psychopharmacology is looking for ways to reduce these side effects, but results are still far from perfect. For example, even such a modern, considered low-toxic drug like fluoxetine for sufficiently long reception leads to a decrease in appetite, followed by a possible decrease in body weight. In turn, new drugs tianeptine (coaxil) and olanzapine (Zyprexa), on the contrary, contribute to weight gain. Most of tranquilizers (benzodiazepine derivatives and hydroxyzine (Atarax)) and the neuroleptic sulpiride (Eglon) reduce gastric secretion and reduce the amount of gastric juice pepsin and hydrochloric acid [30-40]. Side effects of pharmacotherapy on the nutritional status accounted for little in practical clinical work.