Is it possible to form a ...

Is it possible to form during the evolution of adaptive traits, reducing the viability of individuals and their media? The question may seem absurd, but an affirmative answer to it, contrary to the basic principle of the theory of evolution - survival of the fittest. In fact, it is not. The modern concept of evolution admits the possibility of forming a special kind of symptoms, reducing the viability of individuals, their carrier. This so-called signs of kin altruism, which lower individual fitness individuals, their media, but increase the inclusive fitness (inclusive fitness) of individuals. In the animal world there are plenty of examples of altruistic behavior. Worker bee at the moment of danger protect their hives, even if she dies at the same time. Many of the animals at risk from a much more powerful predator is actively engaged in defending, protecting his flock, a flock, although the risk of death in this case is great. For a long time scientists could not understand how such behavioral traits may be fixed in the selection process. In 1964. William D. Hamilton, was presented the concept to explain the formation of such features on the basis of kinship relationships (the so-called theory of kin-selection). In diploid animals each parent passes one copy of its two sets of genes to each offspring. Therefore, the probability that any given gene will be the parent of one of the children, a son or daughter is 1 / 2. The probability of gene transfer from his grandfather's grandson is 1 / 4, the probability that any gene will have a cousin - 1 / 8, and t.d.Veroyatnostnaya share identical genes present in related individuals, denoted as the coefficient of genetic relatedness r . Therefore, if a gene is available in a given individual, encourages her to sacrifice herself to save the lives of more than two children, or more than four grandchildren, etc., then the number of copies of this gene after such a sacrifice will be greater than it would if this sacrifice is not. This sacrifice is beneficial in selective terms. This applies not only when individual donates all of its viability for the sake of relatives, but also any altruistic relationships between relatives. If the individual as a donor donates a part of their fitness by providing any service, assistance to relatives on the value of B, and it increases the fitness of the recipient (receiver) on the value of C, then the frequency of this trait (frequency of "altruistic genes") in the population will increase if the coefficient of genetic relatedness r is greater than B / C.Osnovnoy principle of kin-selection theory can be formulated in another way: any victim of X from a donor would be selectively advantageous to the donor himself, if it will benefit the recipient more than X / r. In fact, akin to individual recipient may be considered as a purveyor of its own gene donor with an efficiency ratio equal to r. (If we consider any gene that is identical to the gene donor, as an equivalent, equal their own donor gene than in reality, given the theory of kin-selection, he is).