Also in favor of the unknown genes O), etc. In this process none of the genotypes (A, B, C) will have advantages over others. The probability of a selective gain or loss between them will be equal. But the A5 gene will be distributed in the population due to resource sharing of the resource X NX. Population as a whole will have a higher fitness than a population where the gene is absent A5 (A5 gene carriers will be distributed in the population more intensively than non-carrier). This does not mean that in this case the population is considered as the unit of selection. The foregoing applies only to the following: in a population can be spread not only the symptoms, decreasing the fitness of individual birds in favor of another individual - a relative, but also signs of decreasing the total fitness for the benefit of another individual - nonrelatives. Maximization of inclusive fitness is not nezyblimym principle "enshrined" in the process of evolution - is just one way of maximizing the fitness of the genotype as a whole, which is capable of a diploid organism. When kin altruism is one of the "elementary particles" of the genotype - an individual that donates part of his fitness, but its relative probability - the media of the same gene "sacrifice" wins at the same time to a greater extent (genotype altruist - genaA5 media in general in this win) . In the selection for reciprocal altruism that probabilistic support can be determined with greater accuracy on the behavioral characteristics. Are we altruistic adaptive traits to form a "reciprocal selection" of people? Of course. It is feelings and emotions of compassion, empathy, shame, modesty, humanity, patriotism, etc. (Research revealed that a sense of compassion for the individuals of their kind is not peculiar only to man but also some other species of animals-lit № 7,12). In addition, relationships between close relatives apparently did not correspond to their coefficients of genetic relatedness. From the perspective of individuals, perceiving their relatives according to their coefficient of genetic relatedness r, brother (sister) is two times less efficient "producer of identical products." Any resource is processed it two times less efficient. Its "products" - his children were twice as less valuable in terms of identity of genes than their own. With such an abundance of resources relative "useful" because it is an additional distributor of identical genes, while twice as effective. But with a deficit, a lack of resources of its "production" would be "unprofitable". Selectively be advisable at every opportunity to pick up his scarce resources to their maximum level of reproduction, "before the full load. If from the standpoint of an individual, perceiving other relatives according to their coefficient of genetic relatedness, the effectiveness of a brother, sister is 2 times lower than its own, then such chetveroyurodnogo - has 128 times nizhe.Etot relative should be considered as completely negligible, it is useless wasted resource.
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