New drugs are usually ...

New drugs are usually characterized by better tolerability and greater selectivity of action. However, optimization of their use and comparative efficacy in different diagnostic categories in need of further evaluation and study. In addition, their cost is usually several times higher than traditional means, which makes them unaffordable for most patients and requires a special perform correct domestic research on comparative analysis of pharmacoeconomic effectiveness. Second, significant progress has been made in studying the biological mechanisms of action of psychotropic drugs. In particular, thanks to technology of radioisotope binding ligands in the experimental conditions determined by the relative strength of the effects of certain drugs in certain types of neuroreceptors that allows us to understand some of the clinical effects and synthesis tools with desired properties and, above all, considerably increase their biological tolerability and avoid unwanted drug interactions. Elucidation of neurotransmitter and receptor profile of individual drugs allowed us to develop more advanced and clinically oriented neurochemical classification of antipsychotic and timoanalepticheskih funds (SN Mosolov, 1995, 1998). Modern methods of in vivo brain scan (CT, pozitronnoemissionnaya, yadernomagnitorezonansnaya, protonnoemissionnaya unit and spin tomography, magnetic resonance and spectroscopy, etc.) could significantly visualize binding mechanism of psychotropic drugs with neurotransmitter receptors in different brain structures and to understand some of the clinical phenomena. In particular, it was found that the blockade of antipsychotic drugs for more than 70% D2dofaminovyh receptors in nigrostrialnoy of developing extrapyramidal syndrome. This will optimize the clinically effective dose of conventional antipsychotics, and partly explain the action of atypical antipsychotics. More details were also studied metabolic pathway of psychotropic drugs in the body, and, in particular through the cytochrome P450 (CYP). It turned out that a number of psychotropic drugs metabolized by one isoenzyme, and some of them are either its inhibitors, or inducers, which determines the development of certain drug interactions. In addition, some patients due to genetic polymorphism of the enzyme activity can be significantly reduced (Table 1), which leads to the development of intolerance. Third, has altered the clinic and for mental illness. Markedly increased the number of atypical, erased and hidden forms of subacute protracted or frequently recurrent course, which can be difficult to recognize, to assign an adequate therapy. Thus, the widespread use of antipsychotics led to the development of positive and negative effects of medicinal pathomorphism change the phenomenology and course of schizophrenia (Avrutsky GY, 1968.1976; Smulevich AB