The main index for such altruistic will not benefit, and the degree of kinship, which will be perceived by them as true relationship, as the feeling of love for their individual populations. But as a "reciprocal" altruist, he must have the ability to detect the presence of a true relationship to themselves from others. He will share his fish populations are not on the basis of a relative - not a relative and on the basis of good right, good cousin - a bad, wrong, evil cousin. Thus, different types of mutual (reciprocal) relationships will form one and the same adaptive feature - will go not to the selection of the genotype, which helps get rid of insects, not the genotype, or rescuing a drowning man distress in case of fire, and the genotype of individuals experiencing its large population of family feeling, than this is due to the coefficient of genetic relatedness r. The choice for reciprocal altruism, in which the "selfish gene" is identified, recognized by behavioral symptoms and is isolated from the mutual exchange of altruistic - it is only one form (one way) counter "selfish gene." possible, not only the identification and isolation, and identification and suppression of the "selfish gene." Such a principle is widespread in the animal world, when "bad" or "wrong" act (behavior) of an individual is punished to a greater extent than the possible gain from such an action. Here we must refer to the question what is meant by "selfish gene" and why against him "is a struggle." The "selfish gene" (or genotype - egoist) - is to increase their fitness by the fitness of other members of the population of its kind. This resource consumption, which is not external to its population. This property is not considered "main theorem of natural selection," Fisher, according to which protsesse crowding out "gene selfishness" altruism gene "should go increase fitness in the general population. (LA Zhivotovsky in their work showed that replacement of one allele by another does not necessarily lead to increased fitness in the general population - lit. № 14,15. But under its mathematical model is not was sufficiently detailed). In fact, in the process of repression of the gene "altruism" gene "selfishness" will always go to a decrease of fitness in the general population. The higher the relative fitness of the "egoist" is provided only through intrapopulation, intraspecific parasitism - parasitism on altruistic environment . After ousting "altruist" absolute fitness of the population have "selfish" will always be lower than it was in "altruistic," he will be less adapted to the factors of selection, to the external environment. altruist genotype, which will be able to resist such a process, which will be able to maintain their mutually altruistic environment will have a greater selective success. The level of true altruism in the population (and hence, each individual of the population) will depend on the ability of genotype to identify "good" and "evil", the "right" and "wrong" actions other members of the population, ie,
No comments:
Post a Comment