It is known that those living in sea water ...

It is known that in aquatic marine mammals do not have a fast (rapid eye movement) phase of sleep (Mukhametov L., 1985), and which generates a warning dream. Since the manifestation of gravity in the water weakening (hazards associated with it), then we can assume that the dream and the rapid phase initially appeared, among other reasons, as a mechanism to prevent gravity-related hazards, the likelihood increasing with the advent of homoiothermy and hence, with increased activity. Sometimes, it is very important signals are too weak or short-lived, but it is possible to avert the danger. Then, can form a conditional response to unconscious stimuli. For example, the orientation of blind people in the space based on the fact that the reflections from obstacles inaudible sound is the conditioned response reduction of facial muscles, perceived as cool, touch, shading (Beritashvili, 1969). Conditional coupling arises as a result of multiple collisions. The pain is always accompanied by contraction of muscles of face and neck to move away from obstacles. Fear of heights, necessarily involved in a collision with reality, in some circumstances may prevent the satisfaction of vital needs. Therefore, fear of heights caused and reinforced in dreams, in dreams and also weakened. For example, when you need to get off on a high tree, the interaction of motivation and emotions of fear, hunger height includes the mechanism of the dream, which begins to generate dreams on the wonderful flight of exciting adventures in the mountains or the fearless climbing trees. Relaxed (inverted) so fear in dreams is already easier inverted and in the real situation: in the presence of dominant motivation fear of heights and falling is perceived as a state of euphoria, and fear is overcome. Similarly eliminated and fear of close spaces (claustrophobia), associated with the possibility of collapse shelters. When increasingly there is a need to hide from the elements (the motivation of avoiding adverse effects) may appear in dreams stories of exciting adventures in the caves, mazes, etc. Such an inversion in a dream weaken fear. In reality, in appropriate situations, the inversion is brought to automaticity and can occur even without any apparent reason. So, children love to build huts and houses and hide in them regardless of weather conditions. Fears are overcome by the mechanism of inversion, sublimation or deviation. It is always associated with the emergence of new, more powerful motive. For example, sublimation can be called the children's desire to build a shelter and hide in them, and the desire to swing on a swing, overcoming fear of heights. Source: http://psy.tom.ru

Psychology of success - Psychology fitness

To date, psychology fitness rapidly developing field of sports psychology. The subject of her studies to reveal patterns of expression and the formation of psychological mechanisms in the locomotor activity of people engaged in physical activity.