According to several epidemiological ...

According to several epidemiological studies of older age groups (65 and older), up 35% of the elderly and the elderly exhibit the problems associated with sleep. Dissatisfaction with sleep is seen in 25% of men and 50% of older women. More than 25% of patients late age regularly or frequently use sleeping pills. Sleep disturbance is one of the factors in assessing the quality of life for the elderly. The main manifestations of sleep disorders in the elderly: persistent complaints of insomnia, persistent difficulty falling asleep, interrupted sleep surface and, the presence of bright, multi-dreams, sometimes painful content, early awakening, a sense of anxiety of anxiety upon awakening, difficulty or inability to sleep again, lack of feeling of rest from sleep. Elderly patients with disorders dissomnicheskimi awaken frequently during the first hours of sleep, more anxious, tend to exaggerate the duration of sleep and underestimate the duration of sleep. The main causes of sleep disorders in the elderly and the elderly in later life is most often recognized as multifactorial nature of sleep disorders, the interaction of psychosocial, medical and psychogenic factors in combination with organic brain dysfunction. However, modern classification of sleep disorders provides their division into primary and secondary. To primary sleep disorders in the elderly are nocturnal myoclonus, nocturnal leg restlessness, and sleep apnea (breath holding during sleep and subsequent awakening). It should be noted that sleep apnea is generally more characteristic of old age or becomes more frequent with age. Usually this is preceded by a long period of snoring in his sleep, and then joins apnea. It is well known that this syndrome is observed primarily in obese men during the second half of life, but often occurs in women in old age. Secondary sleep disorders due to somatic diseases, neurological injuries, mental disorders, in which dissomnicheskie disorders are a symptom of these diseases. This is most often cardiovascular disease (hypertension, coronary heart disease) when there is a nocturnal hypertension, nocturnal angina. Often, sleep disturbances occur in patients with heart failure with inadequate treatment of this condition, and the correction of therapeutic tactics of heart failure can adjust and sleep disturbances. Sleep disorder may be caused by increased frequency of night asthma attacks or exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, various pain syndromes in elderly and old age often with polyosteoarthrosis. Sleep disorders can be a symptom of endocrine disorders (hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus). Interrupted sleep caused by nocturia in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Restless legs syndrome accompanied by disturbances in falling asleep, may be secondary (B12 deficiency anemia, chronic renal failure, diabetic neuropathy, etc.).