This combination locks like the vicious circle of constant anxiety [85]. Epidemiology in primary care GAD is the most common of anxiety disorders [89]. According to a survey of many thousands of patients, the prevalence of GAD in the life of the general population is 6,5% (according to ICD-10) in general practice - 10.5% [53,78,81,90,91] and even 15 % [74]. GAD takes second place in frequency after diseases of musculoskeletal system [6]. The prevalence of subsyndromal anxiety, at least twice that of GAD [67], and according to some estimates up to 28-76% [76.77], and in most cases, doctors do not consider these states as pathological and not treat them [17.26 ]. The frequency of GAD in adolescents and young adults is low, but increases with age [90], making a sharp jump in women 35 and men after 45 years. According to other authors, the average age of onset of GAD is 1921, but the age distribution at the time of onset of the disease has a "humped" type: primary GAD can begin for nearly 13 years, and secondary to other anxiety disorders - usually after 30 years [92]. GAD occurs twice as often in women, the unemployed, and on the background of somatic diseases [90]. GAD has a long undulating course, worsened after stressful events, [46.53]. After 5 years from the beginning of a spontaneous complete remission was observed in only one third of patients [92.93]. Typically, the time of diagnosis of GAD duration of 5-10 years [11,12]. The burden of illness of GAD patients treated by general practitioners, specialists and for emergency care, even if they do not have other psychiatric and somatic diseases [45,71,90]. Adults with symptoms of anxiety, 6 times more likely to visit a cardiologist, in 2,5 times - rheumatologist, a factor of 2 - a neurologist, urologist and ENT, 1,5 times more often - a gastroenterologist and 1.5 times more likely to seek for help in the hospital. In addition, they are characterized by 2-2,5 times more pronounced decrease in work capacity and productivity, and almost 2 times higher medical costs [64]. In 39% of patients with GAD observed violation of social functioning, which manifests itself in lost productivity, reduced contacts with the surrounding, non-compliance with daily routines [63]. GAD is among the top ten diseases with the greatest temporary disability, and this indicator is on a par with coronary artery disease, diabetes, joint disease, peptic ulcer disease [53], and from mental disorders - depression [49] or even ahead of it [88]. In Australia, GAD ranks third as a cause of disability after cancer and heart disease [7]. GAD, which began in adolescence is a risk factor for poor school performance, teenage pregnancy, problems with a family and the preservation of marriage, as well as many other problems of adulthood [48,50,52].
No comments:
Post a Comment